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The Daily Insight

Is the movie Brain on Fire a true story

Author

Isabella Wilson

Published Mar 30, 2026

It’s a frightening enough concept for a movie, but it’s all based on a true story that happened to a New York Post journalist. Netflix’s Brain on Fire stars Chloë Grace Moretz as Susanna Cahalan, a woman in her early 20s who just started her dream job at the New York Post.

Who is the movie Brain on Fire based on?

Brain on FireScreenplay byGerard BarrettBased onBrain on Fire: My Month of Madness by Susannah CahalanProduced byA.J. Dix Beth Kono Rob Merilees Lindsay Macadam Charlize TheronStarringChloë Grace Moretz Jenny Slate Thomas Mann Tyler Perry Carrie-Anne Moss Richard Armitage

How accurate is Brain on Fire?

Cahalan was fortunate to be correctly diagnosed because, according to Najjar’s estimates, only 10 percent of people with the disease were properly diagnosed at that time. Since then, a better understanding of the disease and its symptoms has resulted in more frequent diagnosis and treatment.

What is the disease in the movie Brain on Fire?

What Vaphiades heard when he met Kassidy eventually led him to diagnose her as having anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, a rare autoimmune disease that attacks the brain.

Where is Susannah Cahalan now?

Today, nearly a decade later, Cahalan still lives in New York and still works for the Post, having published her most recent article for the paper on June 16, writing about her experience of seeing a harrowing time in her life turned into a movie.

Is there a cure for autoimmune encephalitis?

Treatment of autoimmune encephalitides includes immunotherapy, either corticosteroids or intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). When the condition is thought to be due to a cell-surface or synaptic protein antibody, IVIG, corticosteroids or plasmapheresis are initiated in various sequences and combinations.

What did Susannah Cahalan have?

She was diagnosed with anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis—a rare neurological condition that can cause psychiatric symptoms, including psychosis and hallucinations. Discovered just two years before Cahalan’s diagnosis, the disease was only beginning to gain wider clinical awareness.

Who saved Susannah Cahalan?

NY Times best selling author and AE survivor Susannah Cahalan reads from Brain on Fire and has a conversation with the doctor who saved her life, Dr.Souhel Najjar. The Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance hosted a series of Autoimmune Encephalitis awareness events at Duke University Medical Center, March 26 and 27, 2014.

Is Brain on Fire scary?

In the new Netflix movie Brain on Fire, a young journalist suffers suddenly from a rare illness that affects her brain. … As shocking as the movie is, Susannah in Brain on Fire is a real person, and the true story is just as terrifying as what’s depicted in the Netflix flick.

How long can you live with encephalitis?

Long-term outlook All types can be fatal if severe enough. Some types are always fatal. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke , transmissible spongiform encephalopathy usually results in death within three months to a few years from the onset of the disease.

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Is autoimmune encephalitis fatal?

Autoimmune encephalitis has many subtypes that depends on the antibodies present. Left untreated, autoimmune encephalitis can quickly become serious. It may lead to coma or permanent brain injury. In rare cases, it can be fatal.

Is autoimmune encephalitis the same as pandas?

Basal ganglia autoimmune encephalitis (or autoimmune encephalitis of the basal ganglia) is another name for PANDAS. PANDAS is unique among AEs because the triggering organism is known to be Group A streptococcal bacteria.

When did Brain on Fire take place?

In 2009, Susannah Cahalan was a healthy 24-year-old reporter for the New York Post, when she began to experience numbness, paranoia, sensitivity to light and erratic behavior.

Which virus causes encephalitis?

The most common causes of viral encephalitis are herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus and enteroviruses, which cause gastrointestinal illness. Encephalitis can also result from certain viruses carried by mosquitoes, ticks and other insects or animals such as: West Nile virus.

How do you get encephalitis?

  1. Herpes simplex virus (HSV). …
  2. Other herpes viruses. …
  3. Enteroviruses. …
  4. Mosquito-borne viruses. …
  5. Tick-borne viruses. …
  6. Rabies virus. …
  7. Childhood infections.

Is there a vaccine for encephalitis?

Inactivated Vero cell culture-derived Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine (manufactured as IXIARO) is the only JE vaccine licensed and available in the United States. This vaccine was approved in March 2009 for use in people aged 17 years and older and in May 2013 for use in children 2 months through 16 years of age.

Can the brain recover from encephalitis?

Recovery. The inflammation of the brain can last from a few days to two or three months. After this, most people find that they make their best recovery from their symptoms within two or three months.

Does encephalitis shorten your life?

Encephalitis is a serious neurological condition and unfortunately, despite improvements in specific and more supportive treatments such as intensive care management, it still has a high mortality (death) rate.

Can I get encephalitis twice?

HSE tends to occur only once. It is rare to relapse later in life. However, in the cases where there is worsening despite on-going treatment (Aciclovir), it may be due to insufficient doses (often based on the patient’s body weight) or other complications of encephalitis may have developed, such as seizures.

Does PANDAS cause permanent brain damage?

Symptoms of PANDAS can leave your child unable to function at school or in social situations. Untreated, symptoms of PANDAS may continue to worsen and can result in permanent cognitive damage. For some children, PANDAS can become a chronic autoimmune condition.

Can you have autoimmune encephalitis without seizures?

In a case series of 22 patients with anti-AMPA receptor antibodies, LE with or without seizures was the most common clinical presentation (55%); other manifestations included limbic dysfunction along with diffuse encephalopathy (36%), motor deficits followed by LE (one patient), and psychosis with bipolar features (one …

What is Panda pans?

PANS is an acronym for Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome, which is associated with a variety of different infections, whereas PANDAS is a disorder associated with only streptococcal infections—specifically group A strep.